作者：whisper

链接：http://proprogrammar.com:443/article/380

声明：请尊重原作者的劳动，如需转载请注明出处

---

    定语从句 ：

    用句子作定语。

    定语：

    起修饰限定作用的词语。
    形容词，代词，数词，名词，介短、非谓语都可以作定语。
    译成“...的”。
    根据定语的位置我们把定语分为前置定语和后置定语。

    缘起:

    I like Faye.
    She sings numerous famous love songs.
    The girl who sings numerous famous love songs brings me endless pleasure.

     先行词：

    被定语从句所修饰的词。可以由n.或者是pron.来充当。

    关系词：

    把先行词和定语从句连起来的词，让从句和先行词发生关系。

    关系词的选择：

    关系代词-关系副词

    关系代词

    关系副词

    例子

    小结：

    优先选用关代引导的定语从句，注意关代要在定语从句中作成分。关副在定语从句中不充当必要成分。

    例子

 

    实用句型1

    使用定语从句

    实用句型2

    使用从句

    实用句型3

    非限制性定语从句：

    例子

    as 来引导

    实用表达

    实用句型

    名词性从句 ：

    用句子来充当名词可以充当的成分 。

    名词可以充当哪些成分 ：

    名词性从句的分类：

    定从VS同从：

    定从：先行词 （that 定语从句）
    同从：抽象名词 （that 同为语从句）

    定语从句和同位语从句的区别：

    实用句型

    名词性从句的引导词：

    以下7组引导词可以引导所有的4类名从

    ① that
    ② whether/ if
    ③ when/where/why/how
    ④ what/whatever
    ⑤ who/whom/whoever/ whomever
    ⑥ whose +n.
    ⑦ which/whichever + n.

    ① that：

That the earth turns around the sun is known to all.
We all know that the earth turns around the sun.
The fact is that the earth turns around the sun.
We all know the fact that the earth turns around the sun.
As is known to all， the earth turns around the sun.

    实用表达

It is critical that our nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide about the future consequences of present actions.

In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the events they covered.

     主语从句vs 强调句：

    实用表达

    ② whether/if：

    ③ when/where/why/how：

    ④ what/whatever：

    状语从句

    用句子来充当状语分 。

    状语从句的分类 ：

时间状语从句
地点状语从句
原因状语从句
结果状语从句
目的状语从句
条件状语从句
让步状语从句
比较状语从句
方式状语从句

 

 I love you when you love me.
I love you where you love me.
I love you because you love me.
I love you so you love me.
I love you as you love me.
I love you in order that you love me.
I will love you if you love me.
I won’t love you even if you love me.
I love you more than you love me.

状语从句的种类是由从属连词来决定哒。

     时间状语从句

    1、when，while，as：当….时

But in some cases, one marketer’ s owned media become another marketer’ s paid media, when an e-commerce retailer sells ad space on its website.
但是在一些案例中，当一个电子商务零售商在其网站上出售广告位时，一个营销人员的自媒体变成了另外一个营销人员的支付媒体。
In 1995 the United States can look back on five years of solid growth while Japan has been struggling.
在1995年，当日本还在挣扎时，美国能够回望过去五年坚实的增长了。
As the brain fades, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moment” .
当大脑萎缩时，我们把这些情况称之为老年时刻。

    2、since

Since the first Internet gambling site was created in 1995, competition for gamblers’ dollars has become intense.
自从1995年第一个互联网赌博网站建立以来，对于赌博者的金钱竞争变得越来越激烈。

    3、until

Grammar, punctuation, and spelling can wait until you revise.
语法、标点、以及拼写能够等到你修改的时候。

    4、as soon as

As soon as that report runs, we will suddenly get 500 new internet signups from Ukraine.
报道一经发出，我们迅速得到了来自乌克兰500个新的互联网注册者。 

    5、 by the time/ each time/ every time/ the next time

By the time 100 percent of the evidence is in, it may be too late.
到证据百分之百齐全时，那可能就太晚了。
Every time you answer a question you eliminate a possibility.
每当你回答一个问题，你就排除了一种可能性。
The next time it occurs, try to wake up just enough to control its course.
下次当它发生时，尝试足够醒来去控制它的过程。

    地点状语从句

    1、where

The traditional rule was that it’ s safer to stay where you are.
传统的规则是待在你原来的地方更安全。

Where there is a will， there is a way.
有志者，事竟成。

 To summarize， it can be concluded that just as an old proverb says, where there is persistence, there is success. (2004)
To summarize， it can be concluded that just as an old proverb says, where there is love, there is hope. (2001)
To summarize， it can be concluded that just as an old proverb says, where there is love, there is a way. (2001)

    原因状语从句

    1、because

Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they are so closely tied.
我们的法律体系旨在把法律和政治分开，正是因为它们是如此的紧密相连。

     2、since

Since desire and will are damaged by the presence of thoughts that do not accord with desire, we do not attract what we want, but what we are.
既然和我们欲望不相符想法的出现会破坏我们的欲望和愿望，我们没有吸引我们想要的，而是和我们一样的。

    3、as

Now utopia has grown unfashionable, as we have gained a deeper appreciation of the range of threats facing us, from asteroid strike to epidemic flu to climate change.
现在乌托邦变得不再流行，因为我们对我们所面临的一系列威胁有了更深入的理解，从行星碰撞到流行感冒到气候变化。

    4、now that

Now that you have developed a topic into a tentative thesis, you can assemble your notes and begin to flesh out whatever outline you have made.
既然你已经把一个主题变成了一个临时性论文，你能够整合你的笔记并开始把你的框架填充出来。

    结果状语从句

    1、such＋名词＋that

Indeed, homelessness has reached such proportion that local governments cannot possibly cope.
事实上，无家可归的人已经到达了如此一个比例，以至于当地政府都不能解决了。

    2、so＋形容词／副词＋that

The traffic of the owned media is so strong that other organizations place their content or e-commerce engines within that environment.
自媒体的流量是如此之多以至于其他机构将它们的内容和电子商务引擎置于那个环境中。

    目的状语从句

    1、so that=in order that

To make revising easier, leave wide margins and extra space between the lines so that you can easily add words, sentences and corrections.
为了让修正变得更加容易，留下宽的边框，字里行间流出额外的空间，目的是你能够轻松添加单词、句子和进行修改。

    条件状语从句

    1、if

If the study of law is beginning to establish itself as part and parcel of a general education, its aim and methods should appeal to journalism educators.
如果法律研究开始将其建立为通识教育的一部分，那么它的目标和方法应该吸引新闻业教育者

    2、once

Once a discovery claim becomes public, the discoverer will receive intellectual credits.
一旦一个发现变得公开，发现者将收到学术信誉。 

    3、as long as/ so long as

This is an adequate amount as long as it is aimed in the right direction.
只要它的朝向正确，就会有充足的内容。 

    实用句型

 

    让步状语从句

    1、although; though

Although sadness also precedes tears, evidence suggests that emotions can flow from muscular responses.
尽管悲伤在眼泪之前，证据表明情绪可以来自于肌肉反应。

    2、even if; even though

The defining term of intelligence in humans still seems to be the IQ score, even though IQ tests are not given as often as they used to be.
对于人类智商的定义似乎仍旧是IQ分数，尽管IQ测试已经不像之前那样普遍。

    3、while

While the quality of legal journalism varies greatly, there is an undue reliance among
many journalists on interpretation supplied to them by lawyers.
尽管法律报道的质量层次不齐，在很多记者中存在对于律师提供的解释过分的依赖。 

    4、as

Although he is a kid， he knows much.
As he is a kid, he knows much.
A kid as he is, he knows much.
Kid as he is, he knows much. 

    实用句型1

 

    实用句型2

---

亲爱的读者：有时间可以点赞评论一下